Emva koMthendeleko weNtwasahlobo, ixabiso liphakama ngokukhawuleza.Nokuba ziintsimbi zentsimbi okanye imarike, kudla ngokunyuka amaxabiso amabini okanye amathathu ngosuku, kwaye olona suku luphezulu lunokunyuka ngaphezu kwama-500 yuan kwezinye iindawo.

Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwamaxabiso entsimbi kuye kwatsala ingqalelo enkulu.Amaxabiso entsimbi enyuke kangakanani?Sisiphi isizathu sokunyuka kwamaxabiso entsimbi?Ukunyuka kwayo kuya kuba nayiphi impembelelo kumashishini anxulumeneyo?Ithini ikamva lamaxabiso entsimbi?Sijongene noluhlu lweengxaki, masihambe siye kwimarike ukuze sibone ukuba ixabiso lentsimbi liye laphakama kangakanani.

Emva koMthendeleko weNtwasahlobo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngenene ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.Ingaba iintsimbi zentsimbi okanye imarike, kukho ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amabini okanye amathathu ngosuku, kunye namaxesha amahlanu okanye amathandathu ngosuku.Ngaphezulu kwe-500 yeedola.Ixabiso lokugqibela laliphezulu ngo-2008, kwaye lo nyaka uphule i-high-time high.Umndilili wexabiso ngetoni nganye yeentlobo ezisibhozo eziphambili zentsimbi kwimarike yentsimbi yesizwe unyukile, phantse i400 yuan ngaphezulu kweyona ndawo iphezulu ngo-2008, kunye ne-2,800 yeyuan ngetoni nganye xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka. ye-75%.Ngokumalunga neentlobo, i-rebar inyuke ngo-1980 yuan ngetoni nganye.I-Yuan, ikhoyili eqengqelekayo inyuke nge-2,050 yeeyuan ngetoni nganye.Kunye nexabiso lentsimbi yasekhaya, ixabiso lentsimbi lamazwe ngamazwe nalo laphakama, kwaye ukunyuka kwakuphezulu kakhulu kunexabiso lentsimbi yasekhaya.Wang Guoqing, uMlawuli weZiko loPhando leLange Steel Consulting Co., Ltd., ixabiso lamazwe ngamazwe liphezulu kunexabiso lasekhaya, eliya kukhokelela ekunyuseni kweemveliso zasekhaya kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso asekhaya.

Ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwe yi-China Iron and Steel Association, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-index yexabiso lentsimbi yaseChina inyuke nge-23.95% xa kuthelekiswa nokuqala konyaka, ngelixa i-index yexabiso lentsimbi yamazwe ngamazwe inyuke nge-57,8% ngexesha elifanayo.Ixabiso lentsimbi kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe liphezulu kakhulu kunelo lemarike yasekhaya.Kwikota yokuqala, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi inyuke nge-10% unyaka nonyaka.Sisiphi isizathu sokunyuka okunjalo kwamaxabiso entsimbi?Kwiworkshop yemveliso ye-Hebei Jinan Iron kunye ne-Steel's medium and heavy plate, ibhetshi yamacwecwe amatsha adlula kumgca wemveliso omnye emva komnye emva kwenkqubo yokugqibela.Ukuthengiswa kweemveliso zabo kuye kwaphucuka kulo nyaka.Iimveliso zepleyiti eziphakathi (ezingqindilili) zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo lweenqanawa, ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho, ukwenziwa koomatshini kunye namanye amashishini.Ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, ngokuphuculwa kwemeko yemarike, ukuthengiswa kwemveliso kuye kwanda.Ukongeza ekwaneliseni intengiso yemarike yasekhaya, ikwathunyelwa kumazwe akuMbindi Mpuma okanye eMzantsi Melika.

Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, uqoqosho lwelizwe lam luqhubekile nokuchacha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye imfuno yentsimbi iye yanda kakhulu, apho ishishini lokwakha liye landa ngama-49% kwaye ishishini lemveliso linyuke nge-44%.Kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, i-PMI yokwenziwa kwehlabathi iqhubekile nokuphucula.Ngo-Epreli, i-PMI ifikelele kwi-57.1%, eyayingaphezulu kwe-50% kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezilandelelanayo.Kubandakanywa amazwe asekhaya kunye namazwe angaphandle, ngakumbi ukuvuseleleka koqoqosho lwehlabathi, i-China ne-United States, ezithatha i-40% ye-GDP yehlabathi, zinedatha yophuhliso loqoqosho olulungileyo kwikota yokuqala.I-China inyuke nge-18.3% ngonyaka, kwaye i-United States yanda nge-6.4% ngonyaka.Uphuhliso loqoqosho olukhawulezayo luya kuqhubela ezantsi.Ukukhula kwemfuno kuqhuba ukukhula kwemarike.Ukuchacha koqoqosho lwehlabathi kuqhubele phambili ukukhula kokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ehlabathini.Kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, izinga lokukhula kwemveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi liye lajika ukusuka kwibi ukuya kwelungileyo, kwaye amazwe angama-46 azuze ukukhula okulungileyo, xa kuthelekiswa namazwe ali-14 kuphela kulo nyaka uphelileyo.Izibalo zeWorld Steel Association zibonisa ukuba kwikota yokuqala yalo nyaka, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yehlabathi inyuke nge-10% unyaka nonyaka.

Umgaqo-nkqubo we-Quantitative Easing Policy Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eemveliso Ukuthetha ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso entsimbi, kukho isizathu esikhethekileyo esinxulumene nobhubhane.Ngo-2020, ukuphendula lo bhubhani, amazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele aphehlelele imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo yokukhuthaza ukuxhasa uphuhliso loqoqosho ukuya kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.Ngenxa yokukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kweemali kummandla wedola yaseMelika nakwindawo ye-euro, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuye kwaqina kwaye kuye kwathunyelwa kwaye kwasasazwa kwihlabathi, okubangele ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yehlabathi, kuquka intsimbi.Amaxabiso ezinto ezithengiswayo anyukile kuyo yonke indawo.Njengowona shishino olusisiseko olubalulekileyo lwensimbi, naluphi na utshintsho kuyo luyisiphumo sokutsalwa koqoqosho olukhulu.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuziswe yimali exengaxengayo kunye nokusilela kwemali ehlabathini kubangele ukuba ixabiso lazo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswayo linyuke.I-United States isungule umgaqo-nkqubo wemali okhululekileyo ukusukela ngoMatshi ka-2020, kunye nenani elingaphezulu kwe-5 yeedola zaseMelika zezicwangciso zokuhlangula ezibekwe kwimarike, kwaye iBhanki Embindi yaseYurophu nayo yabhengeza ngasekupheleni kuka-Epreli ukuba iya kugcina i-ultra-. umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali ukuxhasa ukubuyiswa koqoqosho.Ngenxa yoxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, amazwe asahlumayo nawo aqalisa ukunyusa izinga lenzala.Ukuchatshazelwa koku, ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2022, amaxabiso ehlabathi ezinto zokuvelisa ezifana nokutya okuziinkozo, i-oyile ekrwada, igolide, intsimbi ekrwada, ubhedu, kunye ne-aluminiyam anyukile kuyo yonke ibhodi.Ukuthatha i-iron ore njengomzekelo, ixabiso le-iron ore evela kumazwe angaphandle lenyuka ukusuka kwi-US $ 86.83 / toni kunyaka ophelileyo ukuya kwi-US $ 230.59 / toni, ukunyuka kwe-165.6%.Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zamaxabiso entsimbi, ezona zixhobo ziphambili zentsimbi, kubandakanywa i-coking coal, i-coke kunye ne-scrap steel, zonke zavuka, nto leyo eyathi yanyusa ixabiso lemveliso yentsimbi.