I-1, i-alloy ephantsi yamandla aphezulu ensimbi yesakhiwo

Isetyenziswe kwizakhiwo, iiBridges, iinqanawa, izithuthi, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo kunye nezinye izakhiwo, umxholo wekhabhoni (uhlalutyo lokunyibilika) awukho ngaphezu kwe-0.20%, umxholo wento edibeneyo yokudibanisa ngokubanzi awukho ngaphezu kwe-2.5%, amandla esivuno angaphantsi. kune-295MPa, inefuthe elihle lokuqina kunye neepropati ze-welding zentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy.

2, intsimbi yesakhiwo sekhabhoni

Intsimbi yeCarbon esetyenziselwa izakhiwo, iiBridges, iinqanawa, izithuthi kunye nezinye izakhiwo, ezimele zibe namandla athile, iipropati zempembelelo kunye neepropati ze-welding xa kuyimfuneko.

3. Intsimbi yokwakha isakhiwo

Insimbi esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezide kunye nezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo.Kuyafuneka ukuba nokuqina kwempembelelo ephezulu, ukomelela okwaneleyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding, umlinganiselo othile wamandla oguquguqukayo, kunye nokusebenza komkhombandlela wobunzima xa kuyimfuneko.

4. Intsimbi yeebhulorho

Intsimbi esetyenziswa kwisakhiwo sikaloliwe kunye nohola wendlela iiBhulorho.Kufuneka ube namandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okwaneleyo, uvakalelo oluphantsi lwenotshi, ukuqina okuhle kobushushu obuphantsi, ubuntununtunu bokwaluphala, ukumelana nokudinwa kunye nokusebenza kwe-welding.Intsimbi engundoqo yi-Q345q, i-Q370q, i-Q420q kunye nezinye i-alloy ephantsi yentsimbi ephezulu.

5. Hull steel

I-welding efanelekileyo kunye nezinye iipropathi, ezifanelekileyo ukulungisa isakhiwo esiphambili senqanawa kunye neenqanawa zentsimbi ye-hull.Intsimbi yenqanawa iyafuneka ukuba yomelele ngakumbi, iqine ngcono, ikwazi ukumelana nokunkqonkqoza kunye nokuchasana nokuwa kwamanzi anzulu.

6. Intsimbi yeenqanawa zoxinzelelo

Insimbi esetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweenqanawa zoxinzelelo kwi-petrochemical, ukwahlula igesi kunye nokugcinwa kwegesi kunye nezixhobo zokuthutha.Kuyafuneka ukuba ube namandla okwaneleyo kunye nokuqina, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding kunye nokubanda kunye nokusebenza okushushu.Intsimbi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ubukhulu becala i-alloy ephantsi yamandla aphezulu entsimbi kunye ne-carbon steel.

7, intsimbi yobushushu obuphantsi

Ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo kunye nezakhiwo ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwe-20 ℃, iintsimbi ezinobunzima obuphantsi bobushushu obuphantsi kunye neempawu zokuwelda ziyafuneka.Ngokutsho kobushushu obuhlukeneyo, intsimbi ephambili yintsimbi ephantsi, intsimbi ye-nickel kunye ne-austenitic stainless steel.

8, kwibhoyila intsimbi

Intsimbi esetyenziswa ekwenzeni isifudumezisi esikhulu, umbhobho ongundoqo womphunga, umbhobho wodonga lwamanzi kunye negubu lebhoyila.Kufunwa ukuba ube neempawu ezintle zoomatshini kwindawo yobushushu begumbi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, i-oxidation kunye nokumelana ne-alkaline corrosion, ukuqina okwaneleyo kunye neplastikhi yokuqhekeka okuhlala ixesha elide.Intsimbi ephambili yintsimbi ye-pearlite yokumelana nokushisa (i-chromium-molybdenum steel), i-austenitic heat resistant steel (intsimbi ye-chromium-nickel), i-carbon steel high quality (20 steel) kunye ne-alloy ephantsi yamandla aphezulu ensimbi.

9. Intsimbi yombhobho

Intsimbi ye-oyile kunye negesi yendalo yomgca wombhobho wokwahlula ixesha elide.Yintsimbi ephantsi yomelele, inamandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukusebenziseka okugqwesileyo, ukuwelda kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.

I-10, amandla aphezulu aphezulu entsimbi yokuvelisa amandla kunye namandla okuqina angaphezu kwe-1200MPa kunye ne-1400MPa ngokulandelelanayo.Iimpawu zayo eziphambili zinamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ukuqina okwaneleyo, kunokumelana noxinzelelo oluninzi, ngexesha elifanayo linamandla amaninzi athile, ukwenzela ukuba isakhiwo sininzi kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ubunzima.

11. Xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon structural steel, i-high quality carbon structural steel inomxholo ophantsi wesulfure, i-phosphorus kunye ne-non-metallic inclusions.Ngokomxholo wekhabhoni kunye nokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo, ihlukaniswe ibe yintsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi, i-carbon steel medium kunye ne-carbon steel high, njl., ikakhulukazi isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa koomatshini kunye nemithombo.

12. Ingxubevange yentsimbi yesakhiwo

Ngokwesiseko se-carbon structural steel kunye ne-alloying elements efanelekileyo, isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa intsimbi yeengxenye zomatshini kunye nobukhulu becandelo elikhulu.Inokuqina okufanelekileyo, ukomelela okuphezulu, ukuqina kunye namandla okudinwa kunye nobushushu obuphantsi benguquko ye-brittle emva konyango oluhambelana nobushushu.Olu hlobo lwentsimbi ikakhulu lubandakanya ukuqina kunye nentsimbi, ukuqina komphezulu wentsimbi kunye neplastiki ebandayo yokwenza intsimbi.

13. Intsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu

Insimbi ye-alloy enamandla amakhulu kunye nokuzinza okulungileyo kweekhemikhali kumaqondo aphezulu.Kubandakanya i-oxidation - insimbi enganyangekiyo (okanye ebizwa ngokuba yi-heat-resistant steel) kunye nobushushu - intsimbi eqinile ngamacandelo amabini.Intsimbi enganyangekiyo kwi-oxidation ngokubanzi ifuna uzinzo olungcono lweekhemikhali, kodwa ithwala imithwalo esezantsi.Intsimbi yamandla e-thermal ifuna amandla aphezulu obushushu kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation.

I-14, intsimbi yemozulu (intsimbi ekwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa)

Yongeza ubhedu, i-phosphorus, i-chromium, i-nickel kunye nezinye izinto zokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-atmospheric corrosion of steel.Olu hlobo lwentsimbi luhlulwe kwiintsimbi eziphezulu zemozulu kunye nesakhiwo se-welding weathering steels.